What are the primary causes of kyphosis?

The primary causes of kyphosis include genetic factors and poor posture, making the selected answer particularly relevant. Genetic predisposition can result in conditions that inherently affect spinal structure, while poor posture, especially when maintained over extended periods (such as slouching while sitting or standing), can lead to the development of abnormal spinal curves. Poor posture can be influenced by lifestyle choices, ergonomics in the workplace, or even habitual behaviors that strain the back.

Moreover, genetic components might include inherited conditions like Scheuermann's disease, which is a common cause of kyphosis in adolescents. Collectively, these factors emphasize the role of both inherited traits and lifestyle choices in the onset of kyphosis.

While other options list factors that may contribute to back issues, they are not the primary causes of kyphosis in the way that genetic predisposition and poor posture are. For instance, while aging can lead to changes in the spine, it typically relates to more generalized degeneration rather than the specific curving associated with kyphosis.